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Dental - Clinical Policy Bulletins

Number: 032

Subject: Preventive Resin Restorations

Reviewed: November 28, 2007

Important Note

This Clinical Policy Bulletin expresses Aetna's determination of whether certain services or supplies are medically necessary. We have reached these conclusions based upon a review of currently available clinical information (including clinical outcome studies in the peer-reviewed published medical and dental literature, regulatory status of the technology, evidence-based guidelines of public health and health research agencies, evidence-based guidelines and positions of leading national health professional organizations, views of physicians and dentists practicing in relevant clinical areas, and other relevant factors). We expressly reserve the right to revise these conclusions as clinical information changes, and welcome further relevant information.

Each benefits plan defines which services are eligible, which are excluded and which are subject to dollar caps or other limits. Members and their dentists will need to consult the member's benefits plan to determine if there are any exclusions or other benefits limitations applicable to this service or supply. The conclusion that a particular service or supply is medically necessary does not constitute a representation or warranty that this service or supply is covered (that is, will be paid for by Aetna) for a particular member. The member's benefits plan determines coverage. Some plans exclude coverage for services or supplies that Aetna considers medically necessary. If there is a discrepancy between this policy and a member's plan of benefits, the benefits plan will govern. In addition, coverage may be mandated by applicable legal requirements of a state, the federal government or CMS for Medicare and Medicaid members.

Policy

Aetna considers the placement of preventive resin restorations to be a treatment for early caries found in the pits and fissures. These restorations are described and coded per the American Dental Association’s Current Dental Terminology, CDT-2007-2008.1

Aetna’s policy is that if decay is present on posterior teeth and it extends into the dentin, the restoration is considered a posterior composite. If the decay does not extend into the dentin, it is considered a sealant.

Background

The preventive resin restoration (a combination of composites and/or sealants) is a treatment for early caries found in the pits and fissures when the carious lesion is isolated to the enamel. The uses of preventive resin restorations are generally governed by the desire to treat small lesions conservatively, and are usually placed in the nonstress-bearing regions of the dentition.2

Furthermore, the preventive resin restoration (PRR) is a conservative occlusal restoration that involves replacement of discrete areas of carious tooth structure with composite, followed by application of an overlying fissure ealant, instead of the traditional "extension for prevention."3

Codes1

D1351 -- sealant - per tooth mechanically and/or chemically prepared enamel surface sealed to prevent decay

By definition a PRR cannot be submitted as a posterior composite (D2391).

The above policy is based on the following references:

1American Dental Association. Current dental terminology, CDT-2007-2008:10*

2Dorothy D. McComb, B.D.S., M.Sc.D., FRCD(C). NIH Consensus Development Conference on Caries. Copyright 2000 Regents of the University of Michigan. 2003.

3Simonsen RJ. Preventive resin restorations: three-year results. J Am Dent Assoc 1980;100:535:9.

*Current Dental Terminology. Copyright 2006 American Dental Association. All rights reserved.

Property of Aetna. All rights reserved. Dental Clinical Policy Bulletins are developed by Aetna to assist in administering plan benefits and constitute neither offers of coverage nor medical/dental advice. This Dental Clinical Policy Bulletin contains only a partial, general description of plan or program benefits and does not constitute a contract. Aetna does not provide health care services and, therefore, cannot guarantee any results or outcomes. Participating health care professionals are independent contractors in private practice and are neither employees nor agents of Aetna or its affiliates. Treating health care professionals are solely responsible for medical/dental advice and treatment of members. This Clinical Policy Bulletin may be updated and therefore is subject to change.

Copyright 2001 - 2007 Aetna Inc.

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